July 2023—The blistering heatwave sweeping through Texas has cast a dark shadow over local farms, triggering a series of distressing repercussions.
Within the heart of the Lone Star State, the agricultural landscape is grappling with a decline in egg production and the unfortunate loss of chickens.
Chickens Try To Escape the Texas Heat
In the face of temperatures surging beyond 105 degrees Fahrenheit, the avian residents of these farms are resorting to desperate measures.
Often observed waddling with their wings outstretched away from their bodies, chickens are fighting to combat the heat without the ability to sweat.
Unfortunately, these actions indicate that the temperature has reached a critical point, putting these creatures at severe risk of heat stress-induced fatalities.
The University of Arizona underscores a troublesome “climate feedback loop” linked to this extreme heat.
A reduction in the chickens’ appetite is set in motion, leading to diminished feeding.
It disrupts calcium intake, ultimately giving rise to eggshell deterioration and a consequential decline in egg quality.
This intricate interplay results in an overall decrease in egg production, further compounding the challenges farmers face.
What Are the Signs of Heat Stress in Chickens?
Recognizing the signs of heat stress in chickens is crucial for poultry farmers to take timely action and prevent the adverse effects of elevated temperatures on their flock.
Here are some common signs that indicate chickens are experiencing heat stress:
Panting
One of the most evident signs of heat stress is excessive panting.
Chickens will open their beaks and breathe rapidly in an attempt to regulate their body temperature.
Holding Wings Out
Chickens will often stretch their wings away from their bodies, seeking to dissipate heat.
This behavior is more pronounced when the heat is severe.
Lethargy
Heat-stressed chickens become lethargic and less active. They may sit or lie down more frequently and move around less.
Reduced Appetite
High temperatures can suppress chickens’ appetite.
If you notice a significant decrease in feed consumption, it could be due to heat stress.
Reduced Egg Production
Heat stress can lead to decreased egg production or even a temporary halt in laying.
This is particularly common when temperatures rise abruptly.
Pale Comb and Wattles
The comb and wattles (the fleshy protuberances on a chicken’s head and neck) may become pale or discolored due to reduced blood circulation caused by heat stress.
Rapid Breathing and Panting
Along with panting, chickens may exhibit rapid, shallow breathing as they attempt to cool themselves down.
Lifting Feathers
Chickens may lift their feathers to allow air to circulate close to their skin, aiding in heat dissipation.
Seeking Shade. Heat-stressed chickens will actively seek out shady areas to escape direct sunlight and reduce their body temperature.
Dehydration
Dehydration is a serious consequence of heat stress.
Chickens may have sunken eyes, dry and pale combs, and their skin may lose its elasticity.
Loss of Coordination
In severe cases, heat-stressed chickens may exhibit unsteady movements, stumbling, and even collapse due to the strain on their internal systems.
These birds need your help right away.
Bring them into air conditioning if you can, be it in your vehicle or house.
Elevated Heart Rate
An increase in heart rate can indicate heat stress.
However, this requires specialized equipment to measure accurately, so most chicken keepers will miss this sign.
How Farmers Can Be Proactive in the Heat
Offer Cooling Stations
Amidst this adversity, proactive measures have come to the forefront of farmers’ strategies to safeguard their flocks and yield.
Emphasizing the importance of hydration, farmers are encouraged to provide multiple sources of cool, clean water in shaded areas.
Misters are a great solution that many operations can easily implement.
Air conditioning is another alternative, though it is not economical or eco-friendly.
Get Creative in the Heat
Additionally, some farmers have embraced a creative approach, offering frozen fruits such as watermelon to their chickens.
Beyond satisfying thirst, this practice offers a reprieve from the heat, allowing the birds to cope more effectively.
How Chicken Farmers Can Prepare for Continued Global Warming
As global warming continues to impact various industries, including agriculture, chicken farmers can take proactive measures to adapt and mitigate its effects on their operations.
Here are some strategies that chicken farmers can consider to prepare for the challenges posed by global warming.
Invest in Climate-Resilient Infrastructure
Invest in climate-resilient infrastructure for chicken coops and housing.
Ensure proper insulation, ventilation, and cooling systems to help chickens cope with extreme heat.
Farmers should also be aware of local adversities that will intensify as the earth heats up.
With increased temperatures, we’re sure to face more wildfires, flooding, tropical storms, tornados, droughts, hurricanes, heat waves, and other storms.
Take Heat Stress Management Steps
Implement measures to manage heat stress in chickens, such as providing ample shade, access to cool and clean water, and even misting systems to cool down the environment.
Implement Helpful Genetic Selection
Opt for chicken breeds that are better adapted to heat stress and can thrive in warmer conditions.
Selecting heat-tolerant breeds can improve overall flock resilience.
Check these links out:
Adjust the Nutrition
Adjust chicken feed to meet the changing nutritional needs due to increased heat.
Consult with poultry nutritionists to formulate feeds that promote chicken health and productivity in warmer climates.
You can also read about chicken diets, and how to buy or mix your own chicken feed.
Water Management
Develop efficient water management systems to ensure an adequate and consistent water supply.
Implement water conservation practices to cope with potential water scarcity.
Optimize your water usage through efficient irrigation methods and technologies to reduce water waste and improve sustainability.
As things heat up, there could be water restrictions that are implemented on a state or federal level, or your personal water table (for your spring or well) could run low or entirely empty.
Make sure you have a plan in place for your birds in case this happens to your operation.
Find Alternative Energy Sources
Explore renewable energy sources, such as solar power, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels for heating and cooling systems.
Power outages are also more likely during increased natural disasters.
Having your own energy source could make all the difference for your farm.
Use Early Warning Systems
Stay updated with weather forecasts and implement early warning systems to anticipate extreme weather events.
This can help you take timely action to protect your flock.
Disease Prevention
Rising temperatures can lead to increased disease risks.
Focus on biosecurity measures to prevent disease outbreaks.
Regularly monitor flock health and consult with chicken experts or veterinarians if you can.
Diversify Your Operation
Consider diversifying your poultry farming practices.
For example, you could raise other more heat-tolerant poultry species alongside your preferred chicken breed(s).
Crop Integration
Consider integrating poultry farming with crop cultivation.
Poultry manure can be used as a valuable fertilizer for crops, creating a more circular and sustainable system.
Up Your Education
Stay informed about the latest developments in poultry farming techniques that are suitable for a changing climate.
Attend workshops, seminars, and conferences to learn from experts and fellow farmers.
Emergency Preparedness
Develop a comprehensive emergency response plan to address extreme weather events, such as hurricanes or heatwaves, to protect both your poultry and property.
Collaboration and Networking
Engage with local agricultural communities, researchers, and experts to exchange knowledge, experiences, and best practices for adapting to climate change.
Protect Your Flock From The Heat!
As Texas navigates the complexities of this intensifying heatwave, the agricultural sector stands as a testament to resilience in the face of adversity.
With temperature spikes posing a serious challenge, the well-being of chickens and the egg production cycle necessitates innovative solutions.
The intricate connections between temperature, dietary habits, and eggshell quality underscore the delicate balance inherent in these farming ecosystems.
As farmers continue tirelessly working, their concerted efforts will likely serve as a blueprint for climate resilience and adaptation in the broader context.
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